We have three clinical forms of Malnutrition:
1. Kwashiorkor: It is characterized by
- Oedema, deficiency thrive, behavior modification
- Rash made of red spots on pressure points
- Skin Fragility: cracks folds, erosions, ulcerations,
- Red hair, partial alopecia, angular stomatitis
- Sulcus Harrison, digestive disorders (anorexia, chronic diarrhea with malabsorption and bloating), hepatomegaly, fatty liver, secondary infections (pyogenic, candida).
2. Marasmus: characterized by
- Extreme underweight, old facies
- Irritability, apathy, active behavior, preserved appetite, starving children,
- Alopecia, elongated cilia
- Diarrhea hunger (small stools and greenish)
- Neither edema, or rash, or disorders of pigmentation,
- The skin has the feeling of touch of flour,
- The sclera is blue,
- Swelling in the chondro-costal junction,
- Dislocation costo-sternal cartilage called string of scurvy,
- Depression of the bases of the thorax (Harrison's sulcus)
- Osteoporosis and rarely fractures.
3. Mixed Form: Kwashiorkor and Marasmus together
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Two references:
RépondreSupprimer1.BRIN KP, DIALLO A, SANOH O. Malnutrition des enfants de 6 - 59 mois et mortalité des habitants de la commune de Ratoma. Thèse de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine Conakry- Guinée, 2008 : 10 - 12.
2.GOLDEN M., GRELLETY YVONNE : Guide de prise en charge intégrée de la malnutrition aigue sévère, version 2007.